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Virulence-associated type III secretion systems (T3SS) serve the injection of bacterial effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells to manifest bacterial colonization and infection. Consequently, these systems are essential factors for the virulence of numerous animal and plant pathogens like Salmonella, Yersinia, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) or Pseudomonas. The macromolecular machine mediating secretion and injection of effector proteins is called injectisome or needle complex. This wiki aims at providing a comprehensive overview of all aspects of T3SS.

General concepts

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• Nomenclature
• Flagellar T3SS vs. virulence-associated T3SS
• Injectisome assembly

Organisms hosting virulence-associated T3SS

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• Escherichia coli
• Shigella spp.
• Yersinia spp.
• Salmonella spp.
• Pseudomonas spp.
• Ralstonia spp.
• Xanthomonas spp.

Subassemblies

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• Needle tip / translocon
• Needle filament
• Base
• Export apparatus
• Cytoplasmic components

T3SS substrates

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• Early substrates
• Intermediate substrates / translocators
• Late substrates / effectors

Functional aspects

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• Needle length control
• Substrate specificity switching
• Host cell sensing
• Targeting of substrates

Applied and translational topics

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• Biotechnological application of T3SS

Latest T3SS Tweets

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Tweets by T3SS2

Components of the T3SS injectisome

1	SctC	Secretin
2	SctF	Needle filament protein
3	SctI	Needle adapter (inner rod) protein
4	SctJ	Inner inner ring protein
5	SctD	Outer inner ring protein
6	SctK	Accessory cytosolic protein
7	SctQ	Major sorting platform component
8	SctL	Stator
9	SctN	ATPase
10	SctO	Stalk
11	SctR	Minor export apparatus protein
12	SctS	Minor export apparatus protein
13	SctT	Minor export apparatus protein
14	SctU	Switch protein
15	SctV	Major export apparatus protein
16	SctE	Translocon protein
17	SctB	Translocon protein
18	SctA	Needle tip protein
19	SctP	Needle length regulator
20	SctW	Gatekeeper